User:Christopher Noort

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Fantastic Forgeries

Rotorelief example2.jpg
Marcel Duchamp

Blainville 1887 - Neuilly sur Seine 1968

Rotoreliefs (optische schijven / Optical Disks) 1935

Offsetlitho op karton Offset Lithograph on cardboard


De ‘Rotoreliefs’ tonen Maercel Duchamps interesse in het weergeven van beweging op het platte vlak. Wanneer de schijven met

een bepaalde snelheiden draaien, ontstaat een illusie van diepte. De film ‘Anémic Cinéma’ laat vroegere versies van deze ’Rotoreliefs’

zien in combinatie met tekstuele zinspelingen. Voor de kunstenaar zijn de ‘Rotoreliefs’ niet alleen een artistiek, maar ook een

wetenschappelijk experiment dat zich richt op de waarneming van de toeschouwer.


The ’Rotoreliefs’ display Marcel Duchamp’s interest in the representation of movement on a flat surface. When the discs are

spun at a certain speed they create the illusion of depth. The film Anémic Cinéma’ shows early versions of these

‘Rotoreliefs’ were an artistic and scientific experiment aimed at the viewer’s perception.



Why did I chose this work?




There are three reasons why I’m interested in Duchamp’s “Rotoreliefs“. The phenomenon ‘Optical Illusion’ is a

subject that always fascinated me, but never had the time to really do research on the subject. It’s a enormous

undiscovered world for me, that I can explore not only in a textual matter, but also in an experimental way.

This leads me to the second reason I want to dive into duchamp’s world. The ‘Rotoreliefs’ offer a perfect change

to combine Digital craft with my major in Graphic design. Instead of seeing the two studies as two separate

fields, I want to know if they can enhance each other. The last reason why I want to discover Duchamp’s work

is the sea of possibilities I see when I think of enhancing the work with current day technology. Not only can I

improve the complexity of the graphics on the disks, The way the disks could be made, showed, used, presented,

formed, placed in the current day and age are endless in possibilities.




Research

Anemic Cinema 2.jpg


'Watch the movie


Anemic Cinema

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anemic_Cinema

Anemic Cinema or Anémic Cinéma (1926) is a Dadaist, surrealist, or experimental film made by Marcel Duchamp.

The film depicts whirling animated drawings—which Duchamp called Rotoreliefs—alternated with puns in French.

Duchamp signed the film with his alter ego name of Rrose Sélavy.

Rotoreliefs were a phase of Duchamp's spinning works. To make the optical "play toys" he painted designs on flat

cardboard circles and spun them on a phonograph turntable that when spinning the flat disks appeared 3-dimensional.

He had a printer run off 500 sets of six of the designs and set up a booth at a 1935 Paris inventors' show to sell them.

The venture was a financial disaster, but some optical scientists thought they might be of use in restoring 3-dimensional sight to people with one eye.[1]

In collaboration with Man Ray and Marc Allégret, Duchamp filmed early versions of the Rotoreliefs and they named the first film version Anémic Cinéma.

The Rotoreliefs are alternated with nine revolving disks with the following text in French, consisting of puns and alliteration by Duchamp


"Bains de gros thé pour grains de beauté sans trop de bengué." (BenGay was invented in France by Dr. Jules Bengué)

"L'enfant qui tète est un souffleur de chair chaude et n'aime pas le chou-fleur de serre-chaude."

"Si je te donne un sou, me donneras-tu une paire de ciseaux?"

"On demande des moustiques domestiques (demi-stock) pour la cure d'azote sur la côte d'azur.

"Inceste ou passion de famille, à coups trop tirés.

"Esquivons les ecchymoses des Esquimaux aux mots exquis.

"Avez-vous déjà mis la moëlle de l'épée dans le poêle de l'aimée?

"Parmi nos articles de quincaillerie paresseuse, nous recommandons le robinet qui s'arrête de couler quand on ne l'écoute pas."

"L'aspirant habite Javel et moi j'avais l'habite en spirale."




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Optical Duchamp

http://www.abandon.nl/opical3.htm


In 1920 Duchamps special interest in motion and optical effects resulted in, what he called, 'rotoreliefs':

cardboard discs, printed with patterns creating an illusion of a 3D (spatial) object when turning around on

a 'phonograph' (record player) and especially for the rotorelief designed machines. Abstract figures, but

also objects such as a champagne glass or an egg-cup with an egg etc. where the 'motives' on these discs.


Maybe Duchamp hoped to realize the prophecy of Apollinaire that he was foreordained to 'be the conciliator of

art with people'. He rented a stand at the Concours Lépine, an annual fair for fancy domestic gadgets and general

inventions, and made a display with his rotoreliefs.


People were very interested, but nobody purchased any of the cardboard rotoreliefs: some rotoreliefs were for sale,

but there's reason to doubt this intention to be anything more than just another example of the inquisitive mind of Marcel Duchamp.


The rotorelief as an excursion to a non museal approach of the creative process however, is very real. Of course

Duchamp would humorously 'tone down' his act - as a result of his moderate (often referred to as nihilistic) philosophy

of life - but he wouldn't have made this 'invention' if he didn't take it very seriously as a creative process.


The 'déposée' (deposit) of the invention at the 'Tribunal de commerce de la Seine' in 1935 has to be -

almost beyond doubt - viewed in the same way: as an attempt to a non museal creative process.

In 1926 he also made a film "Anemic Cinema", in collaboration with Man Ray, based on the rotoreliefs and additional textual material.

Documentaries and other moving pictures


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7CFQY0Yf1iI

Duchamp interviews


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bwk7wFdC76Y

Marcel Duchamp 1968 BBC interview


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bMAYHxqTBM8

Duchamp Docu


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1b1egysFRoY

Understanding contemporary Art


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=upvYAAh8RuU

MARCEL DUCHAMP – ANEMIC CINEMA


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=upvYAAh8RuU

Rotorelief (Duchamp) – ‘Laterne chinoise’ (drehende Kreise)


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K_8fjd82v9s

Marcel Duchamp, "Roto Relief: Optical Discs, 1953". A replica of a 1935 original. Spotted at the Norton Simon Museum of Art in Pasadena.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G_XDJ0QRgxE

Rotorelief Disk 3D effect


Remake

Duchampdiskcompilation.jpg
Using the pictures i've had taken in the Boijmans museum and a few from the internet,

i've managed to recreate all the Duchamp disks. The disks are recreated in Illustrator

and therefore all the disks are in Vector. This means I can resize them in every possible size.




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>>>>>>>> CLICK THIS LINK FOR A VIDEO OF THE MOVING DISKS <<<<<<<




Realisation

FinalDisks serie one.jpgFinalDisks serie two.jpg


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IMG 6189.jpg

Re-interpretation




For my re-interpretation I wanted to focus on the fact that I have technology that Duchamp didn’t have.

Therefore my version of the disk could be way more complicated and precise. By making my own disks from scratch I could study the creation

of an optical illusions on a more detailed level. I started of with the goal too make as many disks as possible while trying to keep a certain level of quality.


Visual experiment deux.jpg


C O N C E P T U A L L A Y E R




After making a lot of disks I noticed that I was struggling with the fact that there was no real
context or reason behind these complex shapes and forms. By adding a conceptual layer to the work - something Duchamp didn't have,
as he described the work as a visual experiment - I could define the things I was making and give deeper meaning too my 'art'.
Instead of presenting something that was visually entertaining too watch; I now saw the opportunity to communicate something with the audience




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END RESULT



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>>>>>>>> CLICK THIS LINK FOR A VIDEO OF THE FINAL DISKS <<<<<<<



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CLICK THIS LINK FOR THE FINAL PRESENTATION MOVIE



TOOLS OF THE TRADE

TOOL FOR CONCEPT
There are plenty of tools that help creating graphics, but there are not so many tools that help you think of new concepts
or force inspiration upon yourself. Could I develop a tool that assist me in thinking of new idea’s?


TOOL FOR STYLE
I find it hard to define my style as a designer. The first thing I think of are the photoshop filters I use on a regular basis.
Could I develop a tool that helps me define my style and maybe guide me in developing this style. There are a
lot of designer that purely rely on there so called style by constantly working in the same methods. Even when there
concepts are not that great, there work is still considered good, because they keep working
in the same way. Could I force this by making a tool that secures my style?


To find out under what conditions I work most efficient I want to created lots of small posters under different circumstances.
By experimenting with different parameters I can find out what I prefer. Down below you can see a list of
all the circumstances I want to test and by documenting this strictly I can determine which works best and
which won’t work at all. The poster will be A4 size, and have no specific theme (But the conditions might influence this). One hour too create three posters.



EXPERIMENTS
Experiment with Meditation (Can i get in a state where I design better?)
Experiment with Environment (Home, School, Library, Outside)
Experiment with Input (Classic art versus Contemporary Art)
Experiment with Input (Do I look at that design or meme’s before I start Hard to test concrete, je krijgt immers altijd Input.)
Experiment with Mood
Experiment with Colors that assist in creative thinking (Pink Prison Makes You Calm)
Experiment with Music (Can I find music that makes me design better?)
Experiment with Restrictions (Certain fonts - Less choices = Less struggle)
Experiment with Conditions (Early in the morning - Late at night)
Experiment with Analogue / Digital (2 a 3 sessies analogue only geeft genoeg insight)
Experiment with Emotion (Do I design better when I’m angry)
Experiment with Distractions (Do I design better with my mobile phone next to me?)
Experiment with Drugs (Uppers vs Downers)
Experiment with chaos versus order
Experiment with predefined forms


EXPERIMENT ZERO

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Eigen huis, Eigen vriendin, Eigen Muziek. Ging prima, maar absoluut ruimte voor verbetering. Merk ook dat omdat dit de tweede
sessie was, ik al wat werkt uit mijn systeem heb gekregen die normaal voor de hand liggend was.

PARAMETERS
LOCATION: My Home - Den Haag
TIME: 12:00 - 15:00
SURROUNDINGS: Full Table with Random collection of stuff sitting across my GF
MENTAL STATE: Normal
PHYSICAL STATE: Bit Hungover
PREPARATION: Opened my inspirational map and looked at it for a few minutes
MUSIC: My own music - Soundcloud list

SCORE
PRODUCTIONRATE: Low - Because of a Crash (Would classify as Average)
QUALITY OF WORK: Good
CONCENTRATION: Low
ORIGINALITY: Decent.


EXPERIMENT WITH ENVIRONMENT

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In de studio van een vriend gewerkt. Hoge concentratie en hoge production rate. Lange tijd achter elkaar gewerkt. Door gesprekken met andere ontwerpers motivatie
gekregen om nog meer te maken. Werk bleef wel een beetje hangen in de dingen die ik al kon. Niet extreem vernieuwend, maar kwalitatief degelijk.

PARAMETERS
LOCATION: STUDIO STAN HAANAPPEL - ROTTERDAM BLAAK
TIME: 13:00 - 19:00
SURROUNDINGS: CLEAN&INDUSTRIAL STUDIO SPACE TOGETHER WITH 3 OTHER DESIGNERSF
MENTAL STATE: LOTS OF CAFFEINE, SOME RITALIN, SOME BEERS,
PHYSICAL STATE: Fine
PREPARATION:No further conscious preparation since it was the first experiment
MUSIC: Techno/House/Disco - Not in my Control, but did enjoy

SCORE
PRODUCTIONRATE: High
QUALITY OF WORK: Average (Fluctuated)
CONCENTRATION:Extremely High
ORIGINALITY: Low/Average

EXPERIMENT WITH MEDITATION

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Na een uur mediteren voelde ik mijzelf uitgerust en een soort van gereboot. Het ontwerpen begon wat stroef en mijn production rate lag vrij laag.
Maar ik moet wel zeggen dat ik voor mijn gevoel wel tot nieuwe inzichten kwam en het werk
op een andere manier deed benaderen. Ik had een degelijk focus en had al snel het gevoel dat ik mijzelf moest vernieuwen
in plaats van oude trucs toepassen. Mijn concentratie bleef ongeveer een kleine 3 uur hangen.

PARAMETERS
LOCATION: My Home - Den Haag
TIME: 15:00 - 17:00
SURROUNDINGS: Same Table as previous experiment - but cleaned up now.
MENTAL STATE: Total Relaxation
PHYSICAL STATE: Bit Hungover - before meditation / Normal after meditation
PREPARATION:One hour of guided medidation
MUSIC: After meditation i listened to Chopin for 1:30

SCORE
PRODUCTIONRATE: Low
QUALITY OF WORK: High
CONCENTRATION:Average (In the beginning it was hard to do work, because my body wanted to chill
ORIGINALITY: High, didn’t expect I could have made those.

EXPERIMENT WITH CONTEMPORARY INPUT

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Thuis gewerkt met favoriete playlist. Input waren mijn favoriete blogs en kunstenaars.

PARAMETERS
LOCATION: My Home - Den Haag
TIME: 13:00 - 17:00
SURROUNDINGS: Office room in my house, two screen workspace
MENTAL STATE: Nothing out of the ordinary, but had a fun weekend
PHYSICAL STATE: Healthy, two cups of coffee to get me going
PREPARATION:Input of work by favorite artists and blogs
MUSIC: Favorite Playlist

SCORE
PRODUCTIONRATE: Average
QUALITY OF WORK: Good
CONCENTRATION:High
ORIGINALITY: Average