Quickstartguide:Litho

The steps to take to make a stone lithograph print.

Remove image

• Wash the stone with terpetine to remove the ink on the image
• grind two stones together with sand and water between the stones
• grind til you don’t see the image any moreGrind a bevel on the stone with the stone file.

Grinding a stone

• grind the stone with a glass or steel muller an abrasive we use carborundum and water start with rough grit carborundum then medium carborundum and fine carborundum

Make a image on a stone

• draw with Lithographic crayon or Lithographic pencil thous contain greasepaint with lithographic tusche you can water the ink down to get grey tones

Eching a stone

• use cotton wool to apply talcum powder over the image pour a mixture of gom arabic with nitric acid on a non with part of the stone and move it over the image with a squeezed sponge end with a thin layer over the stone
• wait at least 12 hours

mixture

• the ratio of the mix depends on the the image
• use 25 drops nitric acid in one once gom for a drawing
• 10 grams gom / 8 drops nitric acid

important

the greasy image areas become '''water repellent or hydrophobic''' and the non-image areas become water '''receptive or hydrophilic'''. This chemical change happens in the very top layer

Wash and rolling up

• wash of the acid gom mix with water and sponge
• dry the stone with a lithographers fan.
• apply plain gum on the stone with a squeezed sponge end with a thin layer over the stone
• wash out the drawing materials with pure turpentine ‘dry wash’ the surface of the stone is protected by the gum arabic.
• wash of the gom with a good amount of water keep the stone wet with sponge
• roll up the image with not drying black ink (pen inkt)repeat till you see the image again.

do a second etching

• use cotton wool to apply Rosin dust powder over the image
• use cotton wool to apply talcum powder over the image
• pour a mixture of gom arabic with nitric acid on a non with part of the stone and move it over the image with a squeezed sponge end with a thin layer over the stone.
• Wait for a hour.

• Wash and rolling up

== Printing